Motor Type	Model S Model X	Model S Plaid Model X Plaid
Front and rear motor	AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive	AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, carbon-fiber-wrapped rotor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive (2x motors in the rear)

Type	Model S	Model S Plaid
Front transmission	Single speed fixed gear, 7.56:1	Single speed fixed gear, 7.56:1. Enhanced lubrication
Overall Final Drive Ratio	Front unit motor: 7.56:1 Rear unit motor: 9.04:1	Front unit motor: 7.56:1 Rear unit motor: 7.56:1
Rear transmission	Single speed fixed gear, 9.04:1	Independent single speed fixed gear, 7.56:1. Dry sump lubrication

Steering	Specifications
Type	Variable ratio rack and pinion with electronic power steering, speed sensitive
Number of turns lock to lock	2.33
Turning Circle (curb to curb)	40.3 ft/12.3 m

Brakes	Specifications
Type	4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) with Electronic Brake Force Distribution, Integrated Advanced Stability Control and Electronic Accelerator pedal actuated regenerative braking system
Rotor Diameters (ventilated)	Front: 15.59”/395 mm
	Rear: 14.37”/365 mm
Front Rotor thickness	New: 1.26”/32 mm
	Service limit: 1.18”/30 mm
Rear Rotor thickness	New: 1.10”/28 mm
	Service limit: 1.02”/26 mm
Front Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate)	New: 0.41”/10.5 mm (MIN)
	Service limit: 0.09”/ 2.3 mm
Rear Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate)	New: 0.33”/8.5 mm (MIN)
	Service limit: 0.11”/ 2.7 mm
Parking brake	Electrically actuated parking brake calipers

Suspension	Specifications
Front	Independent, double wishbone, air spring with adaptive damper, stabilizer bar
Rear	Independent, multi-link, air spring with adaptive damper, stabilizer bar

Battery - Low Voltage	Specifications
Rating	6.9 amp hour
Voltage	15.5V

Battery - High Voltage	Specifications
Type	Liquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)
Nominal Voltage	407 V DC
Temperature Range	Do not expose Model S to ambient temperatures above 149° F (65° C) or below -22° F (-30° C) for more than 24 hours at a time.